Conditional sentence

Conditional sentence

                                ( kalimat pengandaian atau kalimat bersyarat )

Conditional sentence ada 3 bentuk :

1)  Type I                  future possible

2)  Type II                 present impossible

3)  Type III                past impossible

v  Type I  (future possible)

^a/ pengandaian yang mungkin terjadi

If + simple present (1) + simple future (9)

Simple future (9) + if + simple present (1)

Ex: I will help you if you come to my house

    If she is happy, I will be glad

v  Type II (present impossible/unreal/untrue)

^a/ pengandaian yang sulit terjadi kenyataanya karma berlawanan dengan kondisi di saat ini/saat sekarang

If + simple past (5) + simple past future (13)

Simple past future (13) + if +simple past (5)

Note:

The fact : using “simple present”

(*) slalu memakai “were” bukan “was” walaupun subject :I, he, she, it

(*) if di depan   » so

(*) if di tengah  » because

Ex : if I study hard, I would pass the exam

The fact » I don’t study hard so I don’t pass the exam

      I would be a pen if she were a book

The fact » I am not a pen because she isn’t a book

v  Type III  ( past impossible/unreal/untrue)

^a/ pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi kenyataannya karma berlawanan dengan kondisi di masa lampau

If + past perfect (7) + past future perfect (15)

past future perfect (15) + if + past perfect (7)

Note:

The fact : using “simple past”

(*) if di depan   » so

(*) if di tengah  » because

Ex : if I had had 2 hearts, I would have given 1 my heart to you

The fact » I didn’t have 2 hearts so didn’t given 1 my heart to you

Conditional sentence without “ if ”

» Type II

Letakan Were & Should  di awal kalimat

Ex :

      Were I not busy, I would accompany her.

»if I were not busy, I would accompany her.

      Were she at home, they would visit her.

» if she were at home, they would visit her.

      Should he ask her, she would marry him soon.

» if he asked her, she would marry him soon.

» Type III

Letakan had di awal kalimat.

Ex :

      Had I had enough money, I would have bought a new car.

» if I had had enough money, I would have bought a new car.

      Had he study hard, he would have passed the exam.

» If he had study hard, he would have passed the exam.